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【英文标准名称】:StandardPracticeforScanningElectronMicroscopeBeamSizeCharacterization
【原文标准名称】:扫描电子显微镜射束尺寸特征描述标准实施规程
【标准号】:ASTME986-2004
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:
【发布日期】:2004
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:E04.11
【标准类型】:(Practice)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:试验;特性;金相学;电子显微镜;扫描电子显微镜;性能;显微镜;工艺
【英文主题词】:electronbeamsize;E766;graphitefiber;magnification;NIST-SRM2069B;resolution;SEM;SEMperformance;spotsize;waveform
【摘要】:ThetraditionalresolutiontestoftheSEMrequires,asafirststep,aphotomicrographofafineparticulatesampletakenatahighmagnification.Theoperatorisrequiredtomeasureadistanceonthephotomicrographbetweentwoadjacent,butseparateedges.Theseedgesareusuallylessthanonemillimetreapart.TheirimagequalityisoftenlessthanoptimumlimitedbytheS/Nratioofabeamwithsuchasmalldiameterandlowcurrent.Operatorjudgmentisdependentontheindividualacuityofthepersonmakingthemeasurementandcanvarysignificantly.UseofthispracticeresultsinSEMelectronbeamsizecharacterizationwhichissignificantlymorereproduciblethanthetraditionalresolutiontestusingafineparticulatesample.1.1Thispracticeprovidesareproduciblemeansbywhichoneaspectoftheperformanceofascanningelectronmicroscope(SEM)maybecharacterized.TheresolutionofanSEMdependsonmanyfactors,someofwhichareelectronbeamvoltageandcurrent,lensaberrations,contrastinthespecimen,andoperator-instrument-materialinteraction.However,theresolutionforanysetofconditionsislimitedbythesizeoftheelectronbeam.Thissizecanbequantifiedthroughthemeasurementofaneffectiveapparentedgesharpnessforanumberofmaterials,twoofwhicharesuggested.ThispracticerequiresanSEMwiththecapabilitytoperformline-scantraces,forexample,Y-deflectionwaveformgeneration,forthesuggestedmaterials.TherangeofSEMmagnificationatwhichthispracticeisofutilityisfrom1000to50000x.Highermagnificationsmaybeattempted,butdifficultyinmakingprecisemeasurementscanbeexpected.1.2Thisstandarddoesnotpurporttoaddressallofthesafetyconcerns,ifany,associatedwithitsuse.Itistheresponsibilityoftheuserofthisstandardtoestablishappropriatesafetyandhealthpracticesanddeterminetheapplicabilityofregulatorylimitationspriortouse.
【中国标准分类号】:N32
【国际标准分类号】:31_120;37_020
【页数】:3P.;A4
【正文语种】:


【英文标准名称】:Electricitymetering-Dataexchangeformeterreading,tariffandloadcontrol-Part42:physicallayerservicesandproceduresforconnection-orientedasynchronousdataexchange.
【原文标准名称】:电量测量.电表读数、电费和负载控制的数据交换.第42部分:定向连接异步数据交换的物理层服务和程序
【标准号】:NFC44-056-42-2003
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:法国
【发布日期】:2003-07-01
【实施或试行日期】:2003-07-05
【发布单位】:法国标准化协会(AFNOR)
【起草单位】:
【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:帐目;应用层;异步的;连接模式;计数器;电流;数据通信;数据交换;数据连接系统;数据传送;数据传输;定义;配电;电能;电气工程;电度表;供电表;电子数据交换;能量测量;英语;负载控制;测量;测量仪器;仪表读数;性能;物理层;规范(验收);电费控制;收费计数装置;传输协议
【英文主题词】:
【摘要】:
【中国标准分类号】:N22
【国际标准分类号】:35_100_10;91_140_50
【页数】:32P;A4
【正文语种】:其他